• 主題
高級搜索  >
歷史搜索 清空歷史
您現在的位置：首頁> 中文期刊>天文學、地球科學>基礎科學>地球物理學報

地球物理學報

地球物理學報

北大核心

CSCD

CSTPCD

CSSCI

Chinese Journal of Geophysics
本刊為專業學術性刊物。報道地球物理學領域的研究成果，刊登論文、研究簡報及綜述等。內容涉及地震及地球內部物理學和化學、地磁及空間物理、重力及大地測量學、大地構造物理學、地球動力學、勘探地球物理、海洋及大氣物理等方面。讀者對象為地球物理及其相關學科的科學技術工作者和大專院校師生。
  • 發文量：6444
  • 被引量：12271
  • H指數：3
  • 開始收錄時間：1982(6)
  • CNKI綜合因子：1.867
  • 維普期刊影響因子： 1.62
  • 萬方期刊影響因子：1.74
  • 創刊時間：1948
  • 國內刊號/CN：11-2074/P
    國際刊號/ISSN：0001-5733
  • 發行周期：月刊
    郵發代號：2-571
  • 主管單位：中國科學院
    主辦單位：中國地球物理學會 中國科學院地質與地球物理研究所
地球物理學報-聯系信息
  • 主編：潘永信
  • 電話：010-82998105
  • 郵箱：[email protected]
  • 地址：北京9825信箱
  • 郵編：100029
地球物理學報-獲獎情況
  • ? 卓越計劃期刊
  • ? 首屆國家期刊獎
  • ? 第二屆國家期刊獎
  • ? 中國期刊方陣“雙高”期刊
  • ? 第三屆中國出版政府獎
  • 收錄匯總
  • 刊內文獻檢索
  • 投稿信息

刊期瀏覽

相關中文期刊

相關中文會議

相關外文期刊

相關外文會議

最新期刊

熱門期刊

地球物理學報 >2023年第5期

學科

年度

全選（0）
排序：
共4384條結果
  • 摘要：沉積相研究是盆地隱蔽油氣藏勘探中重要的研究內容之一,綜合利用地球物理方法有效識別構造、巖性或沉積相差異是盆地隱蔽油氣藏勘探的前提.本文基于重力、航磁、地震等綜合地球物理資料,通過重磁異常正演剝離和剖面正反演擬合技術研究了華南桂中地區海相地層的密度分布特征,預測了巖相、沉積相的變化規律.研究發現,本區中、下泥盆統海相地層存在橫向的巖性、巖相變化,研究區西北、東南部的臺地相區重力異常高、巖石擬合密度值高;中部"X"型臺地邊緣相區重力異常雜亂、巖石擬合密度變化范圍大;東部臺溝相區重力異常低、巖石擬合密度值低.利用綜合地球物理方法預測沉積相為盆地巖性圈閉油氣藏和生物礁油氣藏勘探提供了新的研究思路,研究成果已得到初步檢驗,但還有待進一步完善與實踐.%The sedimentary fades study is one of the key procedures in exploration of subtle reservoirs in basins, of which a prerequisite is effective identification of its structural, lithologic or lithofacies differences through integrated usage of geophysical methods. Based on geophysical data, including gravity, aeromagnetic and seismic data, this paper describes the density distribution characteristics of marine strata in middle Guangxi province, south China, and predicts the regularities of lithofacies and sedimentary facies changes in terms of potential field forward stripping and profile forward/inverse fitting. It is revealed that transversal lithologic and lithofacies changes exist in the marine strata of mid- and lower-Devonian series of the area. The platform zones in northwest and southeast of the area have high gravity anomalies and high fitting rock density. The "X"-shaped platform-marginal facies zone in the middle is characterized by irregular gravity anomalies and a large variation range of fitted rock density. And the platform-trough facies zone in the east exhibits low gravity anomalies as well as low fitted rock density. Predicting sedimentary facies through integrative geophysical methods offers a new approach for exploration of lithologic trap reservoirs and bioherm reservoirs in basins. This method has been preliminarily proved, and needs further improvements and applications.
  • 摘要：The frequency-domain dipole layer method for processing and transformation of potential field data on curved surface is researched on the basis of existing space-domain dipole layer method. The new method can be applied in the processing and transformation of potential field data, not only observed on a plane or curved surface, but also regular or irregular net data. In order to accelerate convergence in the forward calculation and insure the convergence stability and high speed in inversion, we advanced the technology by translating different z-coordinate distance of the dipole layer surface and calculation surface. The core of the algorithm, single-point FFT, is suitable for irregular net potential field data. We also put forward a frequency-domain processing and transformation technology for irregular net potential field data on curved surface. Through the above techniques, the problems in the data processing and transformation, such as high computing cost for mass data, are solved, in particular the irregular net data on curved surface. And the good quality is demonstrated by the synthetic data examples and field data.%在空間域偶層位法的基礎上,研究了完整的頻率域偶層位曲面位場處理和轉換方法.該法可應用于平面或曲面、規則網或非規則網的位場數據處理和轉換.通過對偶層面z坐標和計算面z坐標平移不同的量來加速正演快速收斂和保證反演穩定、快速收斂;提出了適合于不規則網曲面處理和轉換的核心算法--單點快速Fourier變換;提出了頻率域不規則網曲面處理和轉換方法技術.通過以上技術措施解決了大數據量特別是曲面不規則網的位場處理和轉換問題,模型試算以及實際資料處理驗證了該方法的應用效果.
  • 摘要：The May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake ruptured the Yingxiu-Beichuan and Guanxian-Jiangyou faults, and produced surface ruptures of～240 km and ～70 km in length along the two faults, respectively. In this study, the coseismic displacement field derived from GPS observations collected before and after the quake is used to invert for the fault geometry and slip distribution of the rupture. The result shows that the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault dips to the northwest at a moderate angle of～41° at the southwest end, and the fault plane gets progressively steeper northeastward along strike, reaching a dip angle of ～73° at Qingchuan. The averaged width of fault plane is 10～18 km. Slip caused by the earthquake is characterized mainly by thrust motion with a modest right-lateral strike slip component at the south segment of the fault. As the rupture travelled farther northeastward, the thrust component tapers down gradually, and the dextral component becomes dominant at the northeast end of the rupture. The slip distribution on the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault shows two high-slip concentrations of up to 7. 8 m and 7. 4 m, respectively. The two high-slip concentrations are just near the Yingxiu town and Beichuan city, which suffered the greatest fatalities and structure damages during the quake. The seismic moment release is estimated to be 6. 70×10~(20) N·m, corresponding to an M_w7. 9 earthquake.%2008年5月12日發生在四川汶川的大地震造成映秀-北川斷裂和灌縣-江油斷裂同時破裂,分別形成了240多公里和70多公里的地表破裂帶.本文以GPS觀測獲得的同震位移場為約束,反演地震破裂的空間分布.反演結果顯示映秀-北川主破裂帶傾向北西,沿破裂帶的走向從南到北傾角逐漸變大,破裂斷層的平均寬度在10～18 km左右.破裂斷層的錯動在南段以逆沖為主,在北段走滑分量逐步加大,右旋走滑成為斷層破裂的主要特征.斷層破裂最大段落錯動量分別達到了7.8 m和7.4 m,恰好對應這次地震中地表破壞最為嚴重的映秀和北川地區.本次地震釋放地震矩6.70×10~(20) N·m,相應矩震級Mw=7.9.
  • 摘要：2008年5月12日汶川8.0級大地震發生在青藏高原東緣龍門山推覆構造帶上,除映秀-北川斷裂、灌縣-江油斷裂上各形成240 km和72 km 長的地表破裂帶外,可能在成都平原西部的什邡市師古鎮附近形成一條弱地表破裂帶.成都平原內的地震地表破裂帶與龍門山區的2條地震破裂帶構成傾向北西的疊瓦狀逆斷裂地震地表破裂系統.野外調查發現,師古鎮南肖家院-慶云庵建筑物嚴重破壞帶、水渠跌水、地表褶皺、噴砂和地裂縫帶走向30°,延伸長度約7.5 km.探槽開挖表明,地表地震褶皺陡坎下的地層發生彎曲變形,汶川地震使斷層上盤的地面和最新地層褶皺隆起0.2 m.TC2探槽中的粘土層底面褶皺隆起0.4 m,它可能記錄到汶川地震之前另外一次與汶川地震大小相當的古地震事件.淺層地震勘探資料表明,平原區出現地震地表破裂的位置不僅存在晚更新世活動斷裂,而且伴生有第四紀活動褶皺.%The 12 May 2008 Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake occurred on the Longmen Shan (Mountains) thrust-nappe structure zone in the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. It has produced 240 km long and 72 km long rupture zones on the surface along the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault and Guanxian-Jiangyou fault, respectively, which are branches of the Longmen Shan fault system. Besides, our field investigation found that this shock has also caused a weak rupture zone on the ground nearby the Shigu town, Shifang city that lies in the western Chengdu plain east to the epicenter. This rupture zone and the other two ruptures in the Longmen Shan mountainous area aforementioned constitute a northwest-dipping imbricate structure. It is about 7. 5 km long, trends in 30°, manifested by a series of directed deformation phenomenon such as damages of buildings, channel dislocations, ground folds, erupted sand and earth fissures on the surface. Observations in the exploratory trenches indicate that there is a fold uplift of 0. 2 m in the youngest strata (including the surface) produced by the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 event, and a fold uplift of 0. 4 m in the clay bottom in the trench, presumably resulted from a paleoearthquake of similar size to the Wenchuan shock in 2008. Seismic exploration to shallow subsurface demonstrates that in the place of the Chengdu plain with the found seismic rupture zone exists active faults of the late Pleistocene as well as active folds of the Quaternary.
  • 摘要：根據翁文波信息預測理論,對江蘇-南黃海地區自1839年以來M_s≥5中強地震鏈時空有序性進行了深入研究,構建了本區南黃海海域和全區M_s≥6強震的有序網絡結構,并據此對未來6級強震進行了預測,同時分析討論了本區地震活動的分期.結論表明:本區從1998年起進入新一輪平靜幕,此幕可能持續到2042年前后,下次活躍幕的首次6級強震可能發生在2053年前后.%According to the information prediction theory, we have done an in-depth research on the spatio-temporal orderliness of M_s≥5 mid-strong earthquake chains in Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea region since 1839. We conceived M_s≥6 strong earthquake orderly network structure in the South Yellow Sea region and the whole region. We also did prediction of strong earthquake with magnitude 6 in the future and meanwhile we analysed and discussed the variation of seismicity. The result showed that since 1998 it has entered into a new quiet episode, and it may last to about 2042; the first strong earthquake with magnitude 6 of next active episode may take place in the year about 2053.
  • 摘要：This paper first examines the theory of Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm(RCGA) and put forward that locus independent selection strategy should be adopted when performing RCGA crossover operation. According to this strategy a new crossover operator is designed and tested. Secondly, the paper pays great emphasis on the scalability of the GA algorithm when selecting GA strategies, thus the Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm (MPGA) is selected as the framework of the algorithm and two population-level strategies are designed and tested. Combining the new crossover operator and these two strategies together, the paper at last comes to the improved MPGA and it is then applied to the multi-layer gravity inversion of both experimental models and field data of Xinjiang area,China.%本文首先從分析實數編碼的GA理論出發,提出實數編碼條件下不需要繼續沿用二進制編碼條件下常用的傳統單點、兩點及多點交叉算子,基因選擇可采用基因位獨立(locus independent)的方式進行.據此研制了相應的交叉算子,并給出了一種實現方式,試驗計算驗證了該算子的有效性.其次,針對地球物理反演問題的復雜性以及遺傳算法參數設置對問題的敏感性,將算法性能調整的靈活性作為方法選擇的重要標準,采用了多種群遺傳算法作為反演方法,設計了兩個種群級的改進策略,并驗證了其效能.最后,將改進的實數編碼多種群遺傳算法應用于重力模型反演,完成了梯形變密度體組合模型和 2.5度體多邊形棱柱組合模型的反演試算,取得了預期效果,并成功地應用于新疆地區實際資料的處理與解釋.
  • 摘要：This paper discussed the features of electrical structure of Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt and its adjacent zones based on three magnetotelluric sounding profiles which crossed Bangong-Nujiang suture. The results of MT detection show that discontinuous resistive bodies are widely distributed in the upper crust along the suture, which may indicate the features of magmatite distribution and the different magmatic activities in the northern and southern part of Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt. High conductive bodies were detected in the middle and lower crust in Gangdisi and Qiangtang terrane. High conductive layer found in Gangdisi area to the south of Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt may be the result of the Indian plate collision and underthrust; while the high resistive bodies underneath the high conductive bodies may be interpreted as the cold and rigid India continental crust that underthrusted northward. The electrical structure mode in Qiangtang terrane to the north of Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt can be divided into two parts: the northern part and the southern part. The high conductive layer in the southern Qiangtang terrane crust is related with the Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt resisting the India plate underthrust. Whereas the high conductive layer in the northern crust is connected with Asian continent' s resistance against the northward underthrust of India plate and the southward underthrusting of Asian continent. The northward underthrusting of the India plate may not cross the Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt. The underthrusting of the India plate is stopped by Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt and Asian plate, and turns down into the asthenosphere, which resulted in mantle substance flowing up, hence a channel for heat exchange between crust and mantle near the suture is formed and high conductive bodies stretching to upper mantle in large scale exist. The electrical structure of Bangong-Nujiang tectonic belt suggests that the suture is a group of high angle, super deep fault in large scale.%對青藏高原過班公-怒江構造帶的三條大地電磁剖面進行探測,獲得班公-怒江構造帶及其鄰區的電性結構模型,研究了班公-怒江構造帶的深部結構與構造特征.研究結果表明:構造帶及其兩側上地殼內廣泛分布不連續高阻體,反映了巖漿巖的空間分布特征,表明構造帶南北兩側巖漿的活動規律可能存在較大差別.研究區內的岡底斯及羌塘地體的中、下地殼普遍發育高導層,反映了印度大陸碰撞、俯沖過程的效應與痕跡,而高導層之下的高阻塊體則可能是向北俯沖,冷的、剮性的印度大陸地殼.羌塘地體的電性結構模型可以分為南北兩個區段,南羌塘塊體的殼內高導層與班公-怒江構造帶對印度板塊俯沖的阻擋作用有關;而北羌塘塊體殼內高導層與亞洲大陸對印度板塊向北俯沖的"阻擋"與向南"對沖"有關.印度板塊向北的俯沖與擠入,受到班公-怒江構造帶及亞洲板塊的阻擋,可能沒有越過班公-怒江構造帶,并在班公-怒江構造帶附近向下插入軟流圈,導致幔源物質上涌,形成殼、幔熱交換與物質交換的通道和規模巨大、延伸至上地幔的高導體.班公-怒江構造帶的電性結構證明了該構造帶是一組產狀陡立、巨型的超殼深斷裂帶.
  • 摘要：分析了1993年到2002年10年間HALOE衛星資料的熱帶平流層水汽年際變率,結果表明:熱帶平流層水汽混合比在2～5 hPa、10～30 hPa、30～100 hPa有三組顯著的準兩年周期振蕩(QBO)現象;其中2～5 hPa和10～30 hPa水汽QBO呈反位相循環;30～100 hPa水汽QBO有顯著上傳特性.SOCRATES3模式模擬和診斷結果表明,熱帶平流層水汽QBO是在緯向風QBO強迫下產生的次級動力、熱力因子和化學作用耦合后的結果:上層主要是環流輸送引起,中層是環流輸送和溫度擾動驅動下的化學作用引起,下層是對流層頂水汽凍結層的溫度擾動和環流輸送引起.%The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), the most interannual variations of tropic stratospheric water vapor are investigated by the HALOE data from 1993 to 2002. There are three centers of water vapor QBO located in upper, middle and lower stratosphere respectively. The simulation results from model SOCRATES3 indicated that the QBO forcing of tropical zonal wind would induce three pairs of residual circulations, and the dynamic transports play an important role in the three QBO centers of water vapor. The QBO of temperature could control the chemical production of water vapor in the middle stratosphere. On the other hand, the temperature's QBO had an important effect on the water vapor condensation in the lower stratosphere.
  • 摘要：In this study we use the nonlinear inversion method of receiver functions to investigate the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the capital circle region from teleseismic broadband waveform data recorded at 40 movable stations deployed over the Tangshan earthquake region in 2002～2003 by the Laboratory of Lithospheric Seismic Array, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration and recorded at 33 permanent stations of the Digital Seismic Network in the Capital Circle. Based on these results, combining the S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle beneath 15 moveable broadband seismic stations over the Yanhuai basin by Liu et al. (1997), we present the S-wave velocity distribution along the profiles with different azimuths and horizontal distributions at different depths over the region of 39°～41°N and 114°～119. 5°E. Our results show the crustal velocity structure with spatial resolution higher than former studies due to using the data recorded by permanent and movable stations simultaneously. Our results show: (1) the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle down to 60 km deep beneath our research area, especially to the east of the Yanhuai basin, is quite complicated. The crust at depth of 10 ~20 km has an interlaced structure of alternating high- and low-velocity anomalies. The upper and middle crust is dominated by the NE-direction high-velocity anomalous region parallel with the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone as well as the belt across the Tangshan earthquake region, while the lower crust is dominated by the uplift of the upper mantle beneath the Yanhuai, Sanhe and Tangshan region. (2) beneath our research region exist several S-wave low velocity bodies in the crust, which are mainly distributed in the Tangshan, Sanhe, Yanhuai region, accompanied by the uplift of the crust-mantle boundary and lateral variations of the upper mantle velocity structure. (3) the fault system on the surface is well correlated with the crustal velocity structure, suggesting that the different crustal blocks are dominated by the faults. Among them, the Baodi fault, Xianghe fault, and Tangshan fault are through the crust. (4) large earthquakes in the capital circle region are related closely to the low velocity bodies in the crust and the velocity structure at the top of the upper mantle. As for the genesis of the Tangshan earthquake, it will not be sufficient only considering the horizontal stress field caused by the plate tectonics and it becomes also important to pay much attention to the vertical crustal deformation caused by the upper mantle uplift as well as the thermal effects caused by the upper mantle material intrusion.%利用2002～2003年中國地震局地質研究所臺陣實驗室以唐山大震區為中心布設的40個流動寬頻帶地震臺站和首都圈數字臺網的33個寬頻帶臺站的遠震數據,采用接收函數非線性反演方法得到其中72個寬頻帶臺站下方60 km深度范圍內的S波速度結構.根據得到的各臺站下方地殼上地幔的S波速度結構,并綜合劉啟元等(1997)用接收函數非線性反演方法得到的延懷盆地15個寬頻帶流動臺站下方的地殼上地幔S波速度結構模型,給出了39°N～41°N,114°E～119.5°E區域內沿不同走向、不同深度S波速度分布.由于綜合了利用首都圈數字地震臺網的寬頻帶臺站以及流動地震臺陣的觀測數據,本文給出了較前人同類研究空間分辨率更好的結果.結果表明: (1)研究區的速度結構,特別是懷來以東的速度結構十分復雜.在10～20 km深度范圍內,研究區地殼具有高速和低速異常塊體的交錯結構.研究區中上地殼速度結構主要被與張渤地震帶大體重合的NW向高速條帶和穿越唐山大震區的NE向高速條帶所控制,而其中下地殼的速度結構主要為延懷-三河-唐山地區上地幔隆起所控制.(2)研究區內存在若干殼內S波低速體,它們主要分布在唐山,三河及延懷盆地等地區.在這些地區,殼內低速體伴隨著殼幔界面的隆起和上地幔頂部速度結構的橫向變化.(3)地表斷層分布與地殼速度結構分區有較好的相關性,表明斷層對不同塊體有明顯的控制作用.其中,寶坻斷裂,香河斷裂和唐山斷裂均為超殼斷裂.(4)首都圈內大地震的分布與殼內低速體及上地幔頂部的速度結構有密切關系.對于唐山大地震的成因,僅考慮板塊作用引起的水平應力場是不夠的,有必要充分重視由于上地幔變形引起的地殼垂直變形和上地幔物質侵入造成的熱效應.
  • 摘要：基于南海北部大陸邊緣珠江口-瓊東南盆地深水區實施的14條近垂直深反射地震探測疊加速度譜,利用Dix公式將疊加速度剖面轉換為地殼層速度剖面,并利用時深轉換方法構建了深度域地殼層速度模型,綜合各地殼速度剖面分析了南海北部大陸邊緣珠江口與瓊東南盆地不同深度層次的P波速度變化趨勢以及地殼幾何分層特征.結果表明,瓊東南盆地區可分為4～8 km沉積層(V_P為1.7～4.7 km/s)、4～10 km厚的上地殼層(V_P為5.2～6.3 km/s)、5 km左右的下地殼層(V_P為6.4～7.0 km/s)以及2～6 km厚的高速下地殼底層(V_P＞7.0 km/s).V_P＞7.0 km/s下地殼高速層的存在被認為是巖石圈伸展、下地殼底部底辟構造或者是殘存的原始華夏下地殼基性層的地震學指示;綜合研究區地球物理探測成果構建了跨越華南大陸與南海北部陸坡區剖面莫霍和巖石圈底界圖像,揭示出巖石圈上地幔在華南大陸與南海北部大陸邊緣的減薄特征.%Base on stack velocity spectrum dataset of 14 near-vertical deep reflection profiles in the Zhujiang River estuary-Qiongdongnan basin in the continental margin of northern South China Sea, we use Dix formula to transform the corresponding stack velocities into the crustal-layer-velocities (in TWT domain) and convert the layer velocities into the depth domain by time-depth transformation scheme. Integrating all the crustal velocity models, we analyze the spatial variation of P wave velocity in different depths and the stratified geometry of crust in the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basin area in the continent margin of northern South China Sea. The results demonstrate that the kinematic structure of Qiongdongnan basin can be divided into 4 ~8km thick sediment layer (V_p is 1. 7~4. 7 km/s), 4~10 km thick upper crust (V_p is 5. 2~6. 3 km/s), about 5 km thick normal lower crust (V_p is 6. 4~7. 0 km/s) and about 2~6 km thick anomalous lower crust with high velocity (>7. 0 km/s). The existence of anomalous lower crust layer with high velocities >7. 0 km/s can be considered as seismic signature of the underplating at the lower crust bottom induced by lithosphere extension in South China and its continental margin, or the residual mafic layer of the extended Cathaysia lower crust. Integrating the related geophysical sounding results, we construct the depth images of Moho and the lithosphere bottom across the continent of South China and the continental slope of South China Sea, which reveals the lithosphere thinning across continental South China and the continental margin of the South China sea.
  • 摘要：The mid-latitude geomagnetometer of Sheshan holds a successive geomagnetic field data set even more than one-hundred years, which is benefit for the period research of the geomagnetic activity. By the methods of Time Series Superposition, Fourier Analysis and Wavelet Analysis, geomagnetic storms during one hundred years in the intervals between 1908 to 2007 of the observatory are analyzed for the period laws of the geomagnetic storm. The results have shown that, a prominent 11-year cycle, 22-year cycle and semiannual variation are clearly seen in the strong geomagnetic storms, but unconspicuous 11-year cycle and little semiannual variation are also known in the moderate and weak storms. Furthermore, the semiannual variation of the strong storm shows differences between the odd and the even solar cycle, with a remarkable semiannual variation in high solar activity years and complicated variations in the even solar cycle years.%上海佘山地磁臺位于中緯度地區,擁有逾百年的連續地磁場觀測資料,非常有利于研究地磁活動的周期規律.本文利用該臺站1908至2007年的100年磁暴記錄,通過時序疊加、傅里葉分析和小波分析研究了磁暴的周期規律.結果表明:強磁暴具有顯著的11年、22年和季節變化;弱中等磁暴沒有明顯的11年周期,并且季節變化的幅度較小.奇/偶太陽活動周相比,強磁暴的季節變化存在一定的差異,低年季節變化不明顯,高年季節變化顯著,并且偶數周的變化相對復雜.
  • 摘要：The one-way and one-return approximation is a multiple-forescattering-single-backscattering (MFSB) approximation. Compared with the full-waveform numerical methods, one-way approximation leads to a great saving of computing time and memory, which makes it possible to modelling wave propagation in long distances. In this article, we combine both the one-return and separation-of-variables approximations to develop a new one-way propagator coupled with reflection/transmission (R/T) coefficients for seismogram synthesis in complex media. The method is derived from establishing simultaneous generalized Lippmann-Schwinger equations in two adjoining heterogeneous layers followed by the separation-of-variables and one-return approximations. The resulting one-way propagator consists of two parts: the separation-of-variables screen propagator and the R/T operators that account for amplitude variations with incident angles across interfaces. The separation-of-variables screen propagator for one-way wave propagation accounts for wide angles in large-contrast media. The R/T coefficients are the implicit function of dip angle of geology subsurface, whose calculation is coupled with one-way propagation simulation in a natural manner. We benchmark the presented method against the full-waveform boundary element (BE) method for two numerical examples and a real geology structure, which shows that the presented method simulate the reflected waves well in travel time, amplitude, and waveform for various velocity contrasts across interfaces.%單程波近似實際上是一種多次前向散射和單次后向散射近似.利用單程波近似來描述波傳播可以極大地節省地震數值模擬的計算時間和內存,實現地震波長距離傳播模擬和三維地震模擬快速計算.本文基于單程波近似和波動積分方程的分離變量逼近,從廣義Lippmann-Schwinger波動積分方程推導出耦合反射/透射系數的單程波傳播算子.該算子由兩部分構成:分離變量Fourier單程波傳播算子和薄板間的反射/透射系數表達.前者將常規的Fourier分裂步單程波傳播算子(SSF)推廣適應橫向強速度變化介質和大角度傳播波場.后者是利用垂直波數來表示反射/透射系數,自然耦合到波場傳播的計算過程中,其為地質界面傾角的隱式表達,精確描述振幅隨入射角的變化,能適應任意復雜的模型.通過兩個數值算例和一個實際地質模型的計算,本文將該方法和邊界元法進行了比較,結果表明:在算例給出的介質橫向速度變化情況下,本文提出的方法在相位和振幅方面與全波數值方法基本吻合.
  • 摘要：一般認為磁組構能有效地反映巖石所經歷的應變特征.為了研究不同類型的磁組構和不同期次應變之間的關系,對來自華南地塊兩個地區的早三疊世灰巖樣品進行了巖石磁學、磁組構以及應變特征的對比分析.來自湖北通山縣的樣品經歷了三期構造變形,這為解析磁組構和多期次應變提供了理想的機會.巖石磁學結果顯示攜磁礦物主要為磁鐵礦.磁化率各向異性(AMS)和非磁滯剩磁各向異性(AAR)結果顯示其最小軸與層面垂直,最大軸和中間軸分布于層面內,反映了沉積和壓實作用產生的應變,而后期構造應變在磁組構中沒有體現.來自廣東連縣的樣品發育有滲透性壓溶縫面理和方解石脈,說明經歷了構造應變.AMS結果沒有顯示占優勢的組構方向.AAR結果顯示三軸組構,其最大軸分布于最大應力方位,與構造應變特征吻合,最初的壓實組構被構造應變組構所代替.上述結果表明:(1)AAR可以很好地反映滲透性應變的特征,而AMS有時會失效;(2)應變的尺度要小于樣品的尺度,磁組構才能有效地反映應變.%It is generally regarded that magnetic fabrics can effectively reveal strain in rocks. In order to investigate the relationship between different magnetic fabric types and different stages of strain, we conducted a combined analysis of rock magnetics, magnetic fabrics and mesoscopic deformation features for Early Triassic limestones from two areas in the South China Block. Samples from the Tongshan county, Hubei province underwent three stages of deformation, which provided an ideal opportunity to test the relationship between magnetic fabric and multiple deformations. The minimum axes of AMS and AAR ellipsoids are normal to the bedding and the intermediate and maximum axes lie within the bedding, indicating deposition and compaction fabrics having not been affected by tectonic strain. Samples from the Lian county, Guangdong province experienced tectonic strain as evidenced by pervasive pressure solution seams and calcite veins. The principal directions of AMS are scattered, but those of AAR are well clustered, showing a triaxial fabric. The maximum axes of AAR are distributed around the maximum stress direction indicated by the geometry of calcite veins. The initial compaction fabric was replaced by tectonic strain. These results suggest: (1) AAR can better reflect pervasive strain than AMS; (2) Only under the condition that the scope of strain is less than that of the sample can magnetic fabric effectively reveal strain.
  • 摘要：The matching relationship of accuracy indexes from GRACE accelerometer,K-band ranging system and GPS receiver is demonstrated by numerical simulation based on the improved energy conservation principle. The results show:Firstly,cumulative geoid height error comes to 19～80 cm and 1.5°×1.5° cumulative gravity anomaly error is at the level of 0.3～1.3 mGal at degree 120,when the resolution of accelerometer is designed as ACC_X=(1～10)×10~(-9) m/s~2 and ACC_(Y,Z)=(1～10)×10~(-10)m/s~2combined with other payloads with same accuracy indexes of GRACE; Secondly,it is appropriate to set the three-axis resolutions of accelerometer as ACC_X=(1～5)×10~(-9) m/s_2,ACC_(Y,Z) =(1～5)×10~(-10) m/s~2 in the future satellite gravity measurement in China,which basically matches with GRACE other payloads.%本文利用改進的能量守恒法開展了GRACE星載加速度計與K波段星間測速儀及GPS接收機精度指標之間的匹配模擬論證.結果表明:(1)采用GRACE公布的其他載荷精度指標,當加速度計分辨率指標設計為ACC_X=(1～10)×10~(-9)m/s~2,ACC_(Y,Z)=(1～10)×10~(-10)m/s~2時,在120階處恢復累計大地水準面的精度為19～80 cm,恢復1.5°×1.5°累計重力異常的精度為0.3～1.3mGal;(2)建議我國將來衛星重力測量計劃中星載加速度計三軸分辨率指標設計為ACC_X=(1～5)×10~(-9)m/s~2,ACC_(Y,Z)=(1～5)×10~(-10) m/s~2較合適,與GRACE其他載荷精度指標基本匹配.
  • 摘要：By using regional GPS and leveling data and through an analysis considering seismo-tectonic background,this paper studies interseismic crustal deformation in the region across the Longmenshan fault zone before the 2008 M8.0Wenchuan earthquake,discusses the active tectonic and geodynamic model that caused the interseismic deformation,and,from these，analyzes the mechanism of brewing and producing the Wenchuan earthquake.The result mainly shows that,in the period from 1997 to 2007 horizontal shortening in the direction perpendicular to the fault zone and horizontal right-lateral shearing parallel to the fault zone occurred in the area from the middle segment of the fault zone to about 230 km away northwest.The shortening rate is estimated to be 1.3×10~(-8)/a （that is 0.013 mm/km/a） and the distortion rate to be 2.6×10~(-8)/a. Vertical uplifting also happened in the same area during the period from 1975 to 1997,with uplifting rates changing from 0.6 mm/a in between the frontal-range fault and the central fault of the fault zone to 2 to 3 mm/a near and northwest of the back-range fault of the fault zone.All these reflect that at least in the last 10 to over 30 years before the Wenchuan earthquake the frontal-range and central faults of the middle segment of the Longmenshan fault zone had been locked with strain building up.The main reason to cause such deformation is believed to be that,taking a low-velocity zone in the crust as an "uncoupling layer",the horizontal southeast-ward movement of the upper crust of the Bayan Har block was counterworked from the South China block at the western edge of the Sichuan basin and transformed into the thrust movement along the middle segment of the fault zone.The interseismic locking of this fault segment made both the horizontal shortening perpendicular to the fault and the right-lateral shearing parallel to the fault occur in the upper crust of the Bayan Har block.However,during the period from 1997 to 2007,horizontal shortening across the northern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone was very weak,but a right-lateral distortion deformation of 0.9 mm/a happened there.Such weak activity of the northern Longmenshan fault segment should apparently be attributed to that those fault zones of Minjiang,Huya and Longriba on the west of this fault segment have absorbed most of the horizontal east-ward movement of the Bayan Har block.In addition,the difference of the crustal deformation features between the middle and northern segments of the Longmenshan fault zone before the Wenchuan earthquake is consistent with the difference of along-fault distribution of the coseismic energy release during the earthquake.%利用區域GPS和水準測量資料,結合地震構造背景的分析,本文研究2008年汶川8.0級地震前橫跨龍門山斷裂帶地區的震間地殼形變,探討引起這種形變的活動構造與動力學模式,并由此認識汶川地震的孕育與成因機制.主要結果表明:1997～2007年期間,自龍門山斷裂帶中段朝北西約230 km的地帶內存在垂直于斷裂的水平縮短變形、以及平行于斷裂的水平右旋剪切變形,縮短率為1.3×10~(-8)/a(即:0.013 mm/km/a),角變形速率為2.6×10~(-8)/a;同一地帶在1975～1997年期間還表現出垂直上隆變形,上隆速率在龍門山前山斷裂與中央斷裂之間僅0.6 mm/a,而至龍門山后山斷裂及其以西達2～3 mm/a.這些反映了在汶川地震之前至少10～30余年,龍門山斷裂帶中段的前山與中央斷裂業已閉鎖、并伴有應變積累.造成這種形變的主要原因是:以殼內的低速層為"解耦"帶,巴顏喀拉地塊上地殼朝南東的水平運動在四川盆地西緣受到華南地塊的阻擋、轉換成龍門山斷裂帶中段的逆沖運動;由于該斷裂段的震間閉鎖,致使西側的巴顏喀拉地塊的上地殼發生橫向縮短以及平行斷裂的右旋剪切變形.然而,龍門山斷裂帶北段在1997～2007年期間除了有大約0.9 mm/a的右旋剪切變形外,橫向的縮短變形極微弱,這可能與該斷裂段西側的岷江、虎牙、龍日壩等斷裂帶吸收了巴顏喀拉地塊朝東水平運動的大部分有關.另外,汶川地震前,橫跨龍門山斷裂帶中段與北段的地殼形變特征的差異,與汶川地震時能量釋放的空間分布吻合.
  • 摘要：Seismic interferometric migration and data-referenced-only migration are recently developed seismic migration methods that have found some new applications in seismic exploration. Especially in some VSP (Vertical Seismic Profiling) imaging applications, they have partially solved some problems that are very difficult to solve by using conventional surface seismic data. While the interferometric migration method migrates cross-correlated seismic data, the data-referenced-only migration method has no such apparent procedure. It extrapolates different parts of the recorded seismic wavefields and these extrapolated wavefields are referred to each other during imaging. Both methods have the merits that the original seismic source position, triggering time, and near-source properties can all be ignored for imaging. We analyze these two methods, and relate them to the same seismic migration theory. We also compare their results on a synthetic VSP multiples migration experiment, and discuss some of the practical issues of using these two methods.%地震相干偏移和數據自參照偏移是最近幾年發展起來的地震成像新方法,并且已在地震勘探研究領域開始應用.該方法在VSP(垂直地震刮面)中的應用尤其值得關注,因為它部分地解決了一些在地面反射地震方法中難以解決的問題.地震相干偏移是用地震數據的互相關處理后的數據進行偏移,而數據自參照偏移則不必在偏移前對數據進行互相關處理,而是通過記錄數據中的兩個不同部分波場的延拓來互相參照進行偏移.二者的優點都是在偏移運算中可以不考慮原始震源位置、激發時間以及地震波初始傳播路徑.本文從偏移成像的理論出發分析了這兩類算法,發現二者在成像原理上是一致的.本文還通過一個二維VSP多次波偏移的數值模擬實驗,比較和歸納了這兩類算法在實際應用中的特點.
  • 摘要：面波干擾的抑制是陸上地震資料處理的主要問題之一.本文根據炮集記錄中面波與反射波主要能量在小波域分布區域的不同,以及面波干擾的影響隨炮檢距變化等特點,提出了一種具有時變、空變特性的自適應面波衰減方法.文中將該方法用于模型及實際炮集資料的處理,并與常用的高通濾波方法進行對比,結果表明,該方法在衰減面波干擾的同時,能更好地保持反射波的振幅及相位信息.%Ground roll attenuation is one of the important problems in land seismic data processing. According to the distribution characteristics of ground roll and reflection signal in wavelet domain and the characteristic of ground roll changing with the offset,an adaptive ground roll attenuation method is presented,which has time-variable and space-variable characteristic. The method has been applied to the synthetic and real data,and compared with high-pass filtering methods. The processing and comparison results show that the proposed method is effective in attenuating ground-roll,at the same time,it can well preserve the amplitude and phase information of reflection wave.
  • 摘要：交錯網格高階差分方法是一種在保持效率的前提下提高彈性波模擬精度的有效方法.本文將可變空間網格與變化的時間步長技術引入到交錯網格高階差分彈性波模擬中,提出一種空間網格可任意奇數倍變化與時間步長任意變化的交錯網格高階差分彈性波模擬方法.一系列數值試驗表明,該方法能夠在保證模擬精度的同時,通過有效降低空間與時間維度上的過采樣來顯著提高彈性波模擬的效率.同時,該方法還能夠精細刻畫含孔縫洞介質以及橫向變化劇烈介質的局部細微結構,減小彈性波模擬誤差,提高介質細微結構處的彈性波傳播模擬精度.%Accuracy and efficiency are most urgent problems in elastic wave simulation. Staggered-grid is an effective method to improve the accuracy with high efficiency. By the combination of variable spatial grids and locally variable time-steps,a staggered-grid high-order finite-difference method with oddly arbitrarily variable spatial grids and arbitrarily variable local time-steps is presented. The numerical results show that the simulation accuracy and efficiency are raised effectively by removing oversampling both in space and time domain. Additionally,compared with the traditional method,this modeling method has advantages of simulating seismic wave propagation in the media with fractures,caves and complicated structures. It can describe such media in details,and has high accuracy and efficiency.
  • 摘要：利用D-InSAR技術,選用汶川地震前日本ALOS/PALSAR數據,提取了汶川地震前4個條帶的形變場,形變場覆蓋了映秀鎮、茂縣、北川縣、平武和青川縣.結果顯示,汶川地震前形變場沿斷層呈"凸"狀對稱形變分布特征,沿發震斷層附近出現隆起形變,而遠離發震斷層兩盤均出現下沉,且隨著遠離斷層距離的增加,沉降幅度逐步增加.在斷層兩側附近的平武、北川、安縣、江油一帶出現了大面積形變隆起,幅度為5～10 cm,且斷層西側抬升范圍大于東側.在映秀鎮和汶川地震震中附近,沿斷層兩側呈現出小范圍斑塊狀隆起,范圍在10～15 cm.該隆起區域與汶川震中位置和破裂最強烈段落基本一致.在遠離斷層的兩盤區域出現沉降,綿陽至成都一帶沉降范圍在0～-10 cm之間,松潘至文縣一帶沉降范圍在-5～-10 cm之間.研究表明對于處于閉鎖階段的逆沖斷層,震前的垂直變形可能是其主要變形特征.雖然獲得的震前形變變化可能存在5 cm的DEM和對流層大氣延遲造成的誤差,但這種震前垂直形變場變化趨勢仍然存在,可能為地震監測預報提供科學依據.%Using the D-InSAR technology,we have analyzed the Japanese satellite ALOS/PLASAR data before the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and obtained four zones of ground deformation which cover the Yingxiu town,Maoxian county,Beichuan county,Pingwu and Qingchuan county in Sichuan Province.The result shows that before the Wenchuan event,the deformation field was a symmetric convex-shaped pattern around the fault.Vertical uplift appeared nearby the seismogenic fault,while subsidence took place far on its both sides away from the fault which increased in amplitude with increasing distance from the fault.Around Pingwu,Beichuan,Anxian and Jiangyou,a large area of uplift was present on the both sides of the fault with amplitude 5～10 cm.Nearby the Yingxiu town and the epicenter of the main shock,small scale spot-like swelling of 10～15 cm occurred separately,which coincides with the location of the epicenter as well as the most obvious rupture section.In the areas far away from the fault on both sides,there was dominantly subsidence,which was measured 0～-10 cm around Mianyang and Chengdu City and -5～-10 cm from Songpan to Wenxian,respectively.Our study indicates that along the locked thrust fault,vertical uplift is its primary characteristic before the quake.Although the derived deformation before the Wechchuan event from this work probably contains errors of 5 cm related with DEM and the atmospheric delay in the troposphere,such an abnormal change in the vertical deformation field indeed existed which can serve as a line of evidence for earthquake prediction.
  • 摘要：本文在等黏態角落流模型的基礎上,建立了上升離散地幔流場,將該流場作用于大陸巖石圈底部,能解釋巖石圈減薄、裂解并最終形成海底擴張和張裂大陸邊緣等一系列過程.數值模擬的結果表明,巖石圈在上升離散地幔流的作用下發生依賴于深度的伸展減薄.表現為不同深度的拉張因子不同,地表熱流顯著升高,熱擾動引起的均衡調整造成地表沉降,同時熱擾動造成巖石圈流變強度尤其是在變形中心處顯著減小,脆性變形臨界深度變淺,而韌性變形范圍擴大.在上升離散地幔流的持續作用下最終導致大陸裂解,巖石圈地幔出露,形成海底擴張和張裂大陸邊緣.%On the basis of the isoviscous corner flow model,we established upwelling divergent mantle flow field.When this flow field acts on the base of continental lithosphere,the deformation and thinning of continental lithosphere leading to breakup and the initiation of sea-floor spreading can be described.The numerical modeling results indicate that lithosphere behaves as depth-dependent stretching manifested as stretching factors from different depth are different,and the surface heat significantly increases in response to an upwelling divergent mantle flow.The isostatic adjustment due to the mantle flow-induced thermal disturbance leads to surface subsidence; meanwhile,the thermal disturbance reduces the rheological strength of lithosphere,especially at deformation center.The critical depth of brittle deformation is reduced and the range of ductile deformation becomes larger significantly.This deformation finally evolves into continental breakup,mantle exhumation,and the formation of sea-floor spreading and rifted continental margin under the continuing impact of upwelling divergent mantle flow.
  • 摘要：利用NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析資料,研究了南半球夏季(12～2月)緯向平均環流的垂直結構異常及其與南極濤動(AAO)和ENSO的聯系.結果表明,南半球夏季緯向平均[u]的異常分布的主要模態(EOFI)顯示出極區、50°S～70°S、以及50°S以北的區間內"三極"型振蕩.EOFI既反映了AAO的特征又與ENSO有著顯著的關系.由于AAO指數與Nino3區指數之間存在著統計相關,為進一步弄清AAO和ENSO在南半球緯向平均氣流變動的相關分量及其結構,利用Nino3區指數使用一元回歸方法濾除ENSO影響,再對剩下的部分作EOF分解,得到了獨立于ENSO的緯向平均[u]的第一模態AEOF1.相關分析表明AEOF1為與AAO相對應的緯向平均[u]異常的分布.用南半球緯向平均[u]去掉其與AAO相聯系的模態AEOF1,進行EOF分解得到的第一模SEOF1,其與Nino3區指數的相關高達0.9.由此給出了緯向平均氣流的變動與ENSO無關的模態和與ENSO有關的模態.時間變化分析表明,近30年中,除了年代際變化和3～7年的年際變化外,緯向平均的緯向基本氣流尚有極地西風減弱、副極地西風加強、副熱帶西風減弱、熱帶東風加強的長期趨勢.%The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data have been employed to diagnose variations of the zonal-mean zonal flow in the Southern Hemisphere in austral summer.Only is one leading EOF mode (EOF1) found to dominate the spatial and temporal changes of the austral summertime (12～2 month) zonal-mean zonal winds in the troposphere.Variations of [u] as shown by EOF1 is found to be relate to AAO and ENSO.In order to further understand the influences of AAO and ENSO on the Southern zonal-mean zonal flow,we have performed the EOF analysis for the zonal mean zonal wind anomalies after the Nino3 signals has been removed from the wind anomalies using the regression method,by which the leading EOF mode (AEOF1) yields.This EOF1 is statistically independent of ENSO.However,the AEOF1 displays a structure of the zonal-mean zonal flow that closely relates to Antarctic Oscillation (AAO).To examine the ENSO related component in zonal flow,the EOF analysis has been performed for the Southern zonal-mean flow from which the AEOF1 has been removed.The new leading EOF mode (SEOF1) has hence been obtained,which is highly correlated with Nino3 index (correlation coefficient: 0.9).The SEOF1 shown that the eastlies in the tropics and the westlies in middle latitudes be weakened (strengthened) in the Southern Hemisphere during the El Nino (La Nina) years.Interestingly,the long term trend is observed in the leading mode of the zonal mean zonal flow,showing that the westlies over polar and subtropical regions had been weakening during the past 30 years.However,the westlies over subpolar regions and eastlies in tropical regions had been simultaneously strengthening during the same period of time.
  • 摘要：本文建立了顧及地球扁率和局部切標架隨點變化特性的橢球坐標系下的剛體運動模型和塊體運動與應變模型,以及球坐標系下顧及局部切標架隨點變化特性的嚴密的塊體運動與應變模型,分析了球坐標系下塊體運動與應變模型及橢球坐標系下的塊體運動與應變模型間的差異;通過計算具體討論了地球扁率和曲線坐標系的局部切標架隨點變化特性對歐拉矢量與應變張量的影響.結果表明:地球扁率對剛體歐拉矢量和應變參數的影響甚小,具體計算時可以不予考慮,但曲線坐標系的局部切標架隨點變化特性對兩者的影響較大,在建模過程中需要顧及,常用的Savage模型需要修正.%We present rigid block motion model and strain rate model in a geodetic coordinate system as well as those in a spherical coordinate system under the framework of tensor analysis. Both eccentricity and local tangential moving frame are now considered in these models,which is not the case for previous modeling. To explore the effects of these two geometrical characteristics,we investigate differences in parameters such as Euler pole and strain rate tensor by employing these models to invert them. Our results show that the eccentricity has minor effects on determining Euler pole and strain rate tensor,indicating that it is reasonable not to consider crustal motion and deformation models in a geodetic coordinate system. On the contrary,the local tangential moving frame plays a big role in changing both of them,meaning that the local frame of velocity being different at each observation site should be taken account of when one builds up strain model in a curvilinear coordinate system. Accordingly,the conventional Savage's crustal deformation model should be refurnished.
  • 摘要：It is often accepted that thermal anomalies on the earth surface can occur before some major earthquakes.But it is very controversial whether such thermal anomalies can be observed by satellite remote sensing technology.We attempt to explore the possibility and problems on the observation of thermal anomalies before earthquakes using satellite remote sensing data by analyzing the relationship between thermal infrared brightness temperature and terrestrial heat flow.The result shows that in most cases, brightness temperature increases with the growing terrestrial heat flow at an average rate 0.057℃/Mw·m~(-2).If the terrestrial heat flow anomaly resulted from an earthquake is 100 Mw·m-2，there would be a satellite thermal infrared anomaly about 5.7℃.In different regions, the brightness temperature changes with the terrestrial heat flow at varied rates.Even if satellite thermal infrared anomalies occur before earthquakes, they will have differing expressions.For some regions and seasons, the relationship between brightness temperature and terrestrial heat flow is not obvious, because the brightness temperature data is very likely disturbed by meteorological factors.That implies that the thermal infrared brightness temperature anomalies associated with earthquakes are actually very complicated and cannot be observed sometimes.%一些強地震前地表可產生熱異常是人們比較一致的認識,但能否用衛星遙感技術觀測到地下熱異常則存在很大的分歧.本文試圖通過分析熱紅外亮溫與大地熱流值的關系,探討利用衛星遙感技術觀測地震熱異常的可能性及其存在的一些問題.研究結果表明:(1)在絕大多數情況下,亮溫隨大地熱流值的升高而升高,升高的速率平均為0.057℃/mw·m~(-2).如果地震引起的大地熱流異常為100 mW·m~(-2),則有可能產生衛星紅外平均亮溫約5.7℃的異常.(2)不同地區亮溫隨大地熱流值變化速率不同,即使地震前出現了衛星熱紅外亮溫異常,但不同地區表現也是不同的.(3)在一些地區一些季節,亮溫與大地熱流值關系不明顯,可能是亮溫數據受氣象因素干擾所致.這說明地震前的熱紅外亮溫異常是復雜的,甚至有時是難于觀測到的.
  • 摘要：We have studied the macro-distribution of magnetic basements in the South China Sea (SCS) based on the latest magnetic data and physical property analysis of rocks.The density and magnetic susceptibility structures along a profile across the SCS were inverted as the constraint to the whole region.The effects of different Reduction To Pole (RTP) methods in low-latitude areas were studied and applied to magnetic data of the study area.The Halo wavelet was used in multi-scale analysis of RTP magnetic data of the SCS.The result shows that the SCS can be divided into five zones according to the characteristics of magnetic anomalies.The northern margin of the SCS is more like a non-vocanic continental margin from the results of magnetic basement inversion and the profile inversion.In the Yinggehai area, the control effect of the magnetic basement to the sedimentary layers is obvious.The characteristics of the magnetic basements of the Zhongsha-Xisha block and Nansha block are very analogous.We infer that they might be of one block before extension of the sea basin.%利用南海最新的磁力資料,在巖石物性分析基礎上,選擇南海一條典型剖面擬合反演其密度與磁性結構并以擬合結果作為約束,反演全海域磁性基底的宏觀分布.對南海磁力數據進行了低緯度化極處理,利用Halo小波基對化極磁異常進行了多尺度分析并依據磁力異常特征進行了磁場分區.根據剖面與全海域磁性基底反演結果認為:南海北部陸緣更傾向于非火山型的構造屬性.磁性基底對淺部沉積作用的控制關系在鶯歌海一帶表現得非常明顯.中一西沙和南沙塊體的磁性基底特征十分相似,推測在海盆拉張之前,二者為同一塊體.
  • 摘要：海洋反射地震通常用于調查、研究海底地質構造,勘探油氣與天然氣水合物資源.近期研究表明多道反射地震方法也可以對水柱的熱鹽細結構成像.中尺度渦與內波是重要的物理海洋現象,但是常規的物理海洋調查是在間隔若干公里的離散測站上進行的,水平分辨率較低,因此對中尺度渦的結構與內波的橫向分布了解較差.本文利用在大西洋東部、南海采集的地震數據給出了低頻反射地震可以對中尺度渦與內波清晰成像的新的證據.反射地震方法較傳統海洋觀測手段,具有明顯的優勢,主要體現在高的水平分辨率和短時間內對整個海水剖面進行成像方面.從地震剖面上,能夠清楚地觀測到中尺度渦、內波造成的反射特征變化,從而有助于改進對能量在不同尺度的海水運動之間傳遞過程的認識.%Marine reflection seismics is usually used for imaging the seafloor geological structure and exploring hydrocarbon and gas hydrate resources.Recent researches have shown that multichannel seismic reflection method can also image the thermohaline fine structure in the water column.Meso-scale eddies and internal waves are important phenomena.Because conventional physical oceanographic measurements are carried out at discrete sites separated several kilometers with low lateral resolution,their lateral distribution is poorly known.This paper provides new evidence of clear seismic images of the meso-scale eddy in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and internal waves in the northeastern South China Sea.Compared with the traditional physical oceanographic methods,reflection seismology has several advantages,such as high lateral resolution and the ability of imaging a large ocean profile in short time.The change of reflection feature due to the meso-scale eddies and internal waves can be clearly imaged,which helps for better understanding of energy transfer among different scale process in the ocean.
  • 摘要：南海的擴張、成因演化研究的成果主要基于深部速度研究及磁條帶研究的基礎上,但南海東北部邊界的研究相對薄弱.本次通過對南海東北部邊界的反射地震剖面973的綜合研究,結合前人的天然地震震源研究及地質研究成果,得到南海形成與擴張是單方向向菲律賓呂宋島弧-臺灣島地塊漂移的結果.南海各塊體處于一個統一的區域應力場作用之下,菲律賓呂宋島弧-臺灣島地塊限制了南海的擴張與發展;在此應力條件下,不同部位受力狀態不同,就南海東北部973剖面地震波場特征,可劃分為五個構造單元:AB段南海東北部大陸架張性盆地區;BC段大陸坡為伸展區,形成大量張性盆地;CD段中部深海沉積盆地為弱擠壓區,深海沉積盆地弱變形,大陸坡張性盆地淺俯沖其下,深海沉積盆地西部翹起,向東傾斜;DE段東部為強擠壓區,沉積盆地擠壓變形,越向東擠壓越強烈,深海沉積盆地淺俯沖其下,相對弱變形并西部翹起;E以東,菲律賓呂宋島弧-臺灣島構造帶為穩定地塊.南海東北部在東或南東方向統一的區域應力場作用下,處于張性、弱擠壓、強擠壓不同壓力狀態,形成南海特有的由北西向東呈現拉張-弱擠壓-強擠壓構造格局,反射地震削面上顯示兩個淺俯沖點.每個塊體構造層呈手風琴風箱式折曲并向東聚斂,近菲律賓呂宋島弧-臺灣島構造帶其折曲更為嚴重,沉積盆地由西向東,展現為不同階段的沉積盆地,發育、成長、結束、消亡,塊體俯沖方向以及各塊體的區域性傾伏方向均與區域應力場方向一致.%In this research,a comprehensive study of the 973 seismic profiles was conducted. Combined with previous studies of the geological and natural hypocenter,we proposed that the formation and expansion of the South China Sea is the result of the one-way drift to the Philippines Island of Luzon arc-Taiwan terrain. All the blocks of South China Sea are under the same regional stress field and its expansion and evolution were constrained by the Philippines island of Luzon arc-Taiwan terrain. Based on the stress conditions,and the characteristics of seismic wave field,five structural sections were distinguished in the 973 seismic profile of the northeastern South China Sea:AB section is a stretching area of the continental shelf;BC section is the expanded area of the continental slope,with many pull-apart basins;CD section is the deep sedimentary basin with weak compression and deformation. The extensional basins of the continental slope subducted underneath this section shallowly. The western deep-sea sedimentary basins was elevated,and inclined eastward; DE section is a strongly compressed sedimentary basin zone with stronger squeezing in the eastern part. The weak-deformed deep-sea sedimentary basins subducted shallowly underneath this section,and were lifted up in the western region. The east of E is the tectonic belt of Luzon-Taiwan island arc,and is a steady rigidity block. Under the eastern or southeastern uniform stress field,the northeastern part of the South China Sea underwent different stress state and formed unique structure patterns in South China Sea:extensional-weak compressive-strong compressive from north-west to east. Two shallow subduction zones were recognized in the seismic profiles. All the tectonic blocks have accordion-folds-style structures and converged in the east,with stronger folding near the Philippine island of Luzon arc-Taiwan Island. From west to east sedimentary basins showed different stages of the basins development:growth,mature and terminations. Block subduction and regional block inclining directions were all aligned with the directions of the regional stress field.
  • 摘要：在石油、天然氣的勘探和開發研究中,涉及到深部空間的介質、結構和屬性,在沉積建造上涉及到陸相沉積、海相沉積和火山巖相,在油、氣成因理論上涉及到有機成因和無機成因,在機制上涉及到深部流體的分異、調整、運移和動力作用.這些本質性問題的研究和探討是人們十分關注的科學領域.基于油、氣生、儲和形成的理論、應用和成效的研究提出,有幾個基礎性的理念問題必須重新認識,特別是沉積建造與古老變質巖結晶基底;雙相(海相和陸相)沉積建造與盆地的內涵和雙基(有機和無機)混合油、氣成因理念.清晰地厘定這些認識不僅有益于對油、氣形成、聚集和勘探及開發給出一個更為科學的深部宅間,即第二深度空間(5000～10000 m)的油、氣勘探,而更為重要的是基于對這些理念的重新認識和深化研究可構建新的思路或理論,且在新的理念導向下,強化油、氣深部勘探,以期能在理論研究和實踐應用中取得新的成效,發現大型與超大型油、氣田.%In the research into oil and gas exploration and exploitation,it is inescapable to involve the media,structure and properties in the deep space. As for the sedimentary formation,it touches upon continental sediment,marine sedimentation and lava phase; for the theory of the oil and gas formation,it involves the organic and inorganic origin; for the mechanism,it refers to the divergence,adjustment,migration and dynamic effort. The research and probe on these essential problems draw much attention. Based on the promotion of the research into the generation,reservation,and formation of oil and gas,we propose that several basic theoretical issues be reconsidered,especially the sedimentary formation,the ancient metamorphic rocks crystalline basement; the connotation of dual-phase(continental phase and marine phase) sedimentary and the notion of mixing origin (organic and inorganic) basin. Knowledge of these notions benefits us in providing more scientific deep space for the formation,accumulation,exploration and exploitation of oil and gas,I.e. Oil and gas exploration in the second deep space (5000～10000 m).What's more important,reconsideration and research of these knowledge will bring us new ideas or theories. Under the guidance of the new ideas,we may have new breakthroughs in the theoretical research and practical into the formation and deep exploration of oil and gas,obtain the new effect and discover large or super-large oil or gas fields.
  • 摘要：Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is an important strike-slip fault system in eastern China continent,and has significant status to study the forming,evolution and current structure of China continent. The magnetotelluric(MT) sounding profile from Alashanzuoqi to Rizhao city Shandong province crossed the middle part of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone at Juxian of Shandong province,where its strike angle is about NE20 degrees as shown by strike analysis. The resistivity model of 2D MT inversion shows that the width of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is about 30 km at where the profile crossed it,the main part of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone consists of two deep and steep faults,the western one dips to west steeply with a dip angle about 70 degrees obliquity and its penetration depth is about 60 km; the eastern one dips to east with a dip angle 60～80 degrees and its penetration depth is 80～100 km. Both of these two faults incised the crust,but limited in lithosphere. The crust is resistive from the eastern edge of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone to Rizhao city,which is very different to the west of the fault zone,this fact indicates that Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is the boundary between North China block and Jiao-Liao-Korea block.%郯廬斷裂帶是中國大陸東部一個重要的左行走滑斷裂系,對于研究中國大陸的形成演化與構造格局有著十分重要的意義.阿拉善左旗一山東日照超寬頻帶大地電磁測深剖面在山東莒縣附近穿越了郯廬斷裂帶中段,電性主軸分析結果表明斷裂帶附近構造走向大致為北東20°;反演電阻率模型表明剖面穿越處郯廬斷裂帶的寬度約為30 km.斷裂帶主體是兩條切割深度大、陡傾的斷裂,西側斷裂切割深度約為60 km,向西傾斜,斷面陡立,傾角約為70°,東側斷裂切割深度大于80 km,但小于100 km,界面東傾,陡立,傾角約為60°～80°;這兩條斷裂都切穿了地殼,但未切穿巖石圈.郯廬斷裂帶東緣至削面終端日照,整個地殼為高阻,與斷裂帶西側地殼的電性結構差異明顯,這表明郯廬斷裂帶是華北地塊與膠遼朝地塊的邊界斷裂.
  • 摘要：Based on the model of porous medium with horizontal fractures,two fractured reservoir models have been suggested which considered smooth-surface parallel fractures and point-welded rough-surface fractures,and the vertical and horizontal electric resistivity response equations have been derived from the Ohm law. According to the response equations derived above,the variation characteristics of the horizontal and vertical resistivity and electrical anisotropic coefficient of the two fractured models under the conditions of free pressure and confining pressure have been analyzed. Furthermore,we have discussed the effect of geometrical parameters,such as fracture aperture,fracture density and fracture surface roughness and others,on electric anisotropy of the fractured reservoir. For simplifying the discussion,we have ignored the influences of surficial conducting mechanism and polarization effect of the fracture and pore surfaces on the electric anisotropy. Finally,we have examined the response characteristics of the electric resistivity and electric anisotropy under condition of confining pressure based on the smooth fracture model and welded rough fracture models,and meaningful results which can be applied to practical application have been obtained.%以水平裂縫分布的孔隙介質模型為基礎,建立了水平裂縫面的平行裂縫分布和帶粗糙表面的點接觸裂縫模型,導出了兩類裂縫模型的水平和垂直電阻率響應關系,分析了兩類裂縫模型在沒有圍壓和存在圍壓條件下的水平電阻率、垂直電阻率變化規律和電各向異性系數的變化特征.討論了裂縫開度、裂縫密度和裂縫粗糙度等裂縫特征參數對裂縫性儲層電各向異性的影響.為簡化討論,所有電性響應特征的分析都忽略了裂縫和孔隙表面的導電性和極化的影響.利用平行分布水平裂縫面模型和帶粗糙面的裂縫模型,考察了圍壓條件下的裂縫性巖石的電各向異性響應特征,得到了對實際應用有意義的結果.
  • 摘要：中國地球物理學會第25屆學術年會暨紀念傅承義先生誕辰100周年，于2009年10月9日至13日在安徽省合肥市召開．實到與會人員659人，其中中國科學院院士10人．200多名中國科技大學學生旁聽了會議．大會收到論文703篇，686篇在年刊“中國地球物理2009”上發表，其中大會報告13篇，9篇只登題目．來自內地、香港、臺灣的學者和美國、德國等國際專家共380人在大會上做了學術報告．

    地球物理學報的期刊信息

    • 創刊時間：1948
    • 地區：CHINA MAINLAND
    • 語言：中文
    • 熱門主題：中國科學院地質與地球物理研究所;中國地球物理學會
    • 學科分類： 地球物理學;

      3

      GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS:Q4;

      Geochemistry and Petrology;Geophysics;

      Earth and Planetary Sciences:Geochemistry and Petrology;Geophysics;

    地球物理學報的獲獎情況

    • ? 卓越計劃期刊
    • ? 首屆國家期刊獎
    • ? 第二屆國家期刊獎
    • ? 中國期刊方陣“雙高”期刊
    • ? 第三屆中國出版政府獎

    地球物理學報的收錄情況

    • ? 文摘雜志
    • ? 北大核心期刊（1992版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（1996版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2000版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2004版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • ? 北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • ? 化學文摘（網絡版）
    • ? 中國科學引文數據庫（2011-2012）
    • ? 中國科學引文數據庫（2013-2014）
    • ? 中國科學引文數據庫（2015-2016）
    • ? 中國科學引文數據庫（2017-2018）
    • ? 中國科學引文數據庫（2019-2020）
    • ? 工程索引
    • ? 地學數據庫
    • ? 哥白尼索引
    • ? 日本科學技術振興機構數據庫
    • ? 石油文摘
    • ? 科學引文索引（擴展庫）
    • ? 文摘與引文數據庫
    • ? 中國科技核心期刊

    地球物理學報的投稿信息

    • 投稿方式：在線投稿
    • 投稿須知：點擊查看
    • 期刊官方網站：點擊前往
    • 版面費：平均 708 元/頁
    • 審稿費：平均 161 元/篇元
    • 通訊地址：北京9825信箱
    • 郵編：100029
    • 聯系電話：010-82998105
    • 郵箱：[email protected]
    • 期刊欄目：大氣物理學·重力與大地測量學；地球動力學·地震學·海洋地球物理學·地熱學；應用地球物理學

    客服郵箱：[email protected]

    京公網安備：11010802029741號 ICP備案號：京ICP備15016152號-6 六維聯合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司?版權所有 出版物經營許可證

    • 客服微信

    • 服務號

    澳门三肖三码期期准精选反板块